Hepatitis B
What Is It?
Chronic viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). Can cause cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 90% of neonatal infections become chronic; 5-10% of adult infections become chronic.
How Is It Diagnosed?
HBsAg (surface antigen for active infection), HBsAb (immunity), HBcAb (prior exposure), HBV DNA viral load, HBeAg/Ab. LFTs, liver ultrasound.
How Is It Treated?
Not all chronic HBV requires treatment. Antivirals: tenofovir or entecavir for active hepatitis or advanced fibrosis. HCC surveillance with ultrasound every 6 months + AFP. Vaccination for household contacts.
Tests and Imaging Typically Needed
Hepatitis B serologies, HBV DNA, LFTs, CBC, AFP, liver ultrasound, FibroScan.
Approximate Self-Pay Costs
Office visit: $95-$150. Hepatitis B panel: $60-$100. Antivirals: $20-$50/month (generic tenofovir). Hepatology co-management.