Post-COVID Syndrome (Long COVID)
What Is It?
Persistent symptoms lasting more than 4 weeks after acute COVID-19 infection. Affects multiple organ systems. Common symptoms: fatigue, post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction (brain fog), dyspnea, palpitations, and anosmia.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Clinical history of prior COVID-19 (confirmed or probable). Comprehensive evaluation to rule out organically treatable conditions. No single diagnostic test for long COVID.
How Is It Treated?
Symptom-based and multidisciplinary. Pacing strategies for PEM. Cardiac monitoring for palpitations. Pulmonary rehab for dyspnea. Cognitive strategies for brain fog. Low-dose naltrexone and antihistamines studied (limited evidence). Clinical trial participation encouraged.
Tests and Imaging Typically Needed
CBC, BMP, thyroid, D-dimer, ferritin, CRP, autoimmune panel, echocardiogram, Holter if palpitations, pulmonary function tests, neurocognitive testing.
Approximate Self-Pay Costs
Office visit: $95-$150. Comprehensive workup: $200-$500. Long COVID clinic referrals: varies.